Flood Inundation Modeling by Integrating HEC–RAS and Satellite Imagery: A Case Study of the Indus River Basin

Floods are brutal, catastrophic natural hazards which affect most human beings in terms of economy and life loss, especially the large river basins worldwide. The Indus River basin is considered as one world’s basins, comprising several major tributaries, has experienced severe floods its history. There currently no proper early flood warning system for can help administrative authorities cope with such hazards. Hence, it necessary to develop an by integrating a hydrodynamic model, situ information, satellite imagery. This study used Hydrologic Engineering Center–River Analysis System (HEC–RAS) predict dynamics under extreme flow events inundation modeling. calibration validation HEC–RAS v5 model was performed 2010 2015 events, respectively. Manning’s roughness coefficient (n) values were extracted using land use information rivers floodplains. Multiple combinations n optimized simulation process Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD09A1, MOD09GA products analysis. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified NDWI1 (MNDWI1), MNDWI2, applied delineation water bodies, output all indices blended produce standard maps accurate assessment HEC–RAS-based simulated extent. floodplains 0.055 0.06, respectively, significant satisfaction statistical parameters, indicating good agreement between observed extents. integrated imagery be further warnings central part basin.